BoatSmart Canada article:

Personal Safety Equipment

It is important for all boat operators to be safe and make sure their passengers are safe on the water.

Boaters are required to carry personal safety equipment on their boats at all times.

The required personal safety equipment depends on the size and type of boat.

Operators should inform all passengers of where the safety equipment is located on board and how to use it.

 Be safe at all times!!!

1. Personal Safe Boating Equipment Includes:

• Personal Floatation Devices (PFDs) & Lifejackets: PFDs and Lifejackets must be approved by Transport Canada. There are a variety of styles and types of PFDs and Lifejackets, learn more about PFDs and Lifejackets.

• Buoyant Heaving Line: A buoyant Heaving Line is equipped with a buoy or float at one end. The buoyant heaving line is designed to throw to a person who has fallen overboard or is in the water and needs help.

• Emergency Kit: An emergency kit should be stored in a watertight container and in an easily accessible location. The emergency kit should include: emergency rations, drinking water, a first aid kit, waterproof matches, a waterproof flashlight, a knife, a whistle and dry clothing.

Required Boat Safety Equipment

Part of being prepared for a safe boating trip is to make sure that you have all the required boat safety equipment on board. All boats are required by law to carry specific boat safety equipment at all times. The required boat safety equipment depends on the size and type of boat.

2. Boat Safety Equipment Includes:

• Bailing Device: A bailing device is used to remove water from the inside of a boat. A bailing device could be a manual or electric bilge pump, a bucket, or a homemade scoop.

• Anchor: An anchor can be used to secure your boat in case of a breakdown or anchorage due to poor weather. Anchors are available in various types and styles; boaters should refer to their boat manufacture’s recommendations for style and weight.

• Manual Propelling Device: Manual propelling devices, such as oars or paddles can be used to maneuver your boat in case of an engine failure and boating breakdown.
• Axe: An axe can be used as an effective fire-fighting tool on large boats. An axe can be used to chop a wall that is concealing open flames, an axe can also be used to cut a tow line in case of an emergency.

• Life Ring: A life ring, also known as a life buoy, is a circular shaped device that can be used to rescue a person who has fallen overboard. A life ring must be attached to a line of at least 15 meters in length.

• Fire Extinguisher: A fire extinguisher is a tool to control small fires in emergency situations.

• Re-boarding Device: A reboarding device, such as a ladder is designed to aid and assist a person back into the boat or back on board.

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Lifejackets:

A Canadian approved standard lifejacket, when worn properly, is designed to turn an unconscious person from face down to face up in the water, allowing them to breathe. The standard lifejacket is keyhole style and comes in two sizes – one for people who weigh over 40 kg (90 lbs), and one for people who weigh less than 40 kg (90 lbs).

Standard lifejackets must be orange, yellow or red, and have a whistle attached.

Personal Flotation Devices (PFD’s):

A Canadian approved PFD is designed to keep you afloat in the water.

PFDs were designed for use in recreational boating and are generally smaller, less bulky and more comfortable than lifejackets. They have less flotation than lifejackets, and have limited turning capacity, but are available in a variety of styles and colours

Inflatable PFD’s : An inflatable is a type of personal flotation device that either automatically inflates when immersed in water, or is inflated by the wearer using either an oral or manual inflation device.  Most inflatable PFDs use a carbon dioxide cartridge to inflate. Approved inflatable PFDs can be worn if you are 16 years or older and weigh more than 36 kilograms.

Things to consider when choosing a flotation device

• Activities: Consider the water activities that you enjoy. Today there are PFD’s specially designed for various activities including pleasure boating, fishing, water skiing, tubing, kayaking, canoeing and rafting.  Note that inflatable lifejackets or PFD’s are not approved for some uses in Canada. Be sure to choose a PFD that meets your particular needs.
• Colour: PFD’s are available in many bright colours. The Canadian Coast Guard strongly recommends bright colours for better visibility.
• Size: Sizing is based on chest measurements for adults and weight for children — read the label for details.  Try the lifejacket or PFD on. It should fit snugly, with all the buckles, zippers and snaps done up, but still allow room to breathe and move around freely. Try walking and sitting in it too. Your PFD is too big if you can pull it over your ears, and too small if you cannot fasten all buckles and straps.
• Transport Canada Approved: Check the label to make sure the PFD or lifejacket is approved for use in Canada.

Children’s flotation devices

There are approved PFD’s and lifejackets designed especially for children. When you purchase a child’s approved flotation device, look for the following:

• Canadian approval labels detailing the appropriate chest size or weight
• A large collar for extra protection and support to the child’s head
• A grab strap on the collar
• Bright colours; yellow, orange or red are most easily seen
• Sturdy, rust-proof buckles and zipper
• Waist ties with snug-fitting drawstrings or elastic in front and back
• A safety strap that fastens between the legs to prevent the device from slipping over the child’s head
• Make sure that the approved flotation device is comfortable, yet snug.
• Do not buy a PFD or lifejacket that is too large in the hope that the child will grow into it.
• Remember that a PFD can never replace adult supervision. Keep your child within arms length at all times when in, on or around the water.
• After you have selected a flotation device for a child, we recommend that you attach reflective tape and a plastic whistle.

Important: In Canada, there are no approved flotation devices for children weighing 20 pounds and under. Transport Canada recommends that you wait until your child reaches 20 lbs. before you go boating with them. For further information, visit Transport Canada